Inventory

如果需要动态生成 Inventory， 可以通过继承 InventoryManager 进行修改

from ansible.inventory.manager import InventoryManager

inventory_info = {'slave': [{'ip': '192.168.1.101',
                              'ansible_ssh_port': 2222,
                              'ansible_ssh_user': 'root'},
                             {'ip': '192.168.56.101',
                              'ansible_ssh_user': 'root'}],
                  'master': [{'ip': '192.168.56.101',
                             'ansible_ssh_user': 'root'}]}

group_vars = {'master': {'firewall_port': [{'protocol': 'tcp', 'port': 5051},
                                           {'protocol': 'udp', 'port': 5052}]}}

class AnsibleInventory(InventoryManager):
    def __init__(self, inventory_info, group_vars, loader):
        super().__init__(loader)
        self.inventory_info = inventory_info
        self.group_vars = group_vars
        self.set_inventory()

    def set_inventory(self):
        for group, hosts in self.inventory_info.items():
            self.add_group(group)
            if group in self.group_vars:
                for k, v in self.group_vars[group].items():
                    self.groups[group].set_variable(k, v)
            for host in hosts:
                self.add_host(host.get('ip'), group, host.get('ansible_ssh_port'))
                self.get_host(host.get('ip')).set_variable('ansible_ssh_user', host.get('ansible_ssh_user'))

Options

ansible 运行时候需要的一些参数，也可以通过 namedtuple 来定义

class Options(object):
    def __init__(self, connection='ssh', forks=10, listtags=False, listtasks=False, listhosts=False, syntax=False,
                 ssh_extra_args=None, sftp_extra_args=None, scp_extra_args=None, become=False, become_method=None,
                 become_user=None, verbosity=None, check=False, diff=False, host_key_checking=False, module_path=None,
                 remote_user=None, private_key_file=None, ssh_common_args=None):
        self.connection = connection
        self.forks = forks
        self.listtags = listtags
        self.listtasks = listtasks
        self.listhosts = listhosts
        self.syntax = syntax
        self.ssh_extra_args = ssh_extra_args
        self.sftp_extra_args = sftp_extra_args
        self.scp_extra_args = scp_extra_args
        self.become = become
        self.become_method = become_method
        self.become_user = become_user
        self.verbosity = verbosity
        self.check = check
        self.diff = diff
        self.host_key_checking = host_key_checking
        self.module_path = module_path
        self.remote_user = remote_user
        self.private_key_file = private_key_file
        self.ssh_common_args = ssh_common_args

Callback

默认会将运行结果输出到 stdout 或者日志文件中，如果想对输出结果进行自定义或者其他 callback 操作，可以定义自己的 callback 类。
这里我需要保留 stdout 的输出并返回一些其他定义，继承了ansible.plugins.callback.default.CallbackModule。如果不需要原始的callback，可以选择继承ansible.plugins.callback.CallbackBase

from ansible.plugins.callback.default import CallbackModule

class ResultsCallback(CallbackModule):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.ok = {}
        self.failed = {}
        self.unreachable = {}

    def v2_runner_on_ok(self, result):
        self.ok[result._host.get_name()] = result
        super().v2_runner_on_ok(result)

    def v2_runner_on_failed(self, result, ignore_errors=False):
        self.failed[result._host.get_name()] = self._dump_results(result._result)
        super().v2_runner_on_failed(result, ignore_errors=False)

    def v2_runner_on_unreachable(self, result):
        self.unreachable[result._host.get_name()] = result
        super().v2_runner_on_unreachable(result)

Playbook 调用

from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader
from ansible.executor.playbook_executor import PlaybookExecutor
from ansible.vars.manager import VariableManager

class Playbook(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.loader = DataLoader()
        self.inventory = AnsibleInventory(inventory_info, loader)
        # inventory = InventoryManager(loader, '/path/to/hosts') 如果不想动态生成，也可以指定 inventory文件
        self.options = Options(connection='ssh', forks=10)
        self.variable_manager = VariableManager(loader=self.loader, inventory=self.inventory)
        self.callback = ResultsCallback()

    def run(self):
        pbex = PlaybookExecutor(playbooks=['/path/to/playbook.yml'],
                                inventory=self.inventory,
                                variable_manager=self.variable_manager,
                                loader=self.loader,
                                options=self.options,
                                passwords={})
        pbex._tqm._stdout_callback = self.callback
        pbex.run()

参考
ansible2.0 playbook api运维应用
Ansible常用模块API调用
Running Ansible 2 Programmatically